Last year I was contacted, through this blog, by a third
cousin, Morris, in Aberdeen, Scotland who was also researching our common great
great grandfather, Robert Marshall (1819-1891).
He
is in possession of a journal that Robert Marshall kept during an abstinence
tour he did in the North of Scotland in 1839, which he most graciously sent me
a transcript of.
It was transcribed by
is uncle, and although there are some pages missing, it is a fascinating
read.
Last week I emailed Morris and asked if he might have some
pictures of the journal that he could send and a few days later the below
pictures arrived in my inbox.
It’s hard
to believe that Morris is standing there holding a 173 year old journal in his hands.
What a treasure to hold.
I also asked permission to post the journal to this blog in
order that my sisters (and our children) and Marshall cousins may also learn of
their great great grandfather’s journey.
Permission was given, so each week on Sundays, I will post one day’s
worth from the journal. Unfortunately, due
to the missing pages from the journal there will be gaps in the entries. Some of the entries are brief, but I’m sure
that will only peak interest for the next entry.
Before posting the first entry (in a separate post), just a
wee bit of background on the Temperance movement back in the day.
With the reduction in tax on alcohol in 1823, the consumption
of legal alcohol increased dramatically.
The Home Drummond Act of 1828 introduced licensing of public houses,
however this only affected legal drinking establishments – the illegal dram
shops continued as they had before.
At
this time in Scotland, right up until the early 20
th century, the
legal drinking age was 14 years old.
With the increase of consumption of alcohol and the associated misery
and health problems, temperance and abstinence movements found public
support.
Many societies began to emerge,
such as the Rechabites, Good Templars, the Band of Hope, Sons of Scotland and
the British Women’s Temperance Association.
In the 1840’s, temperance hotels and coffee houses began to emerge.
Many Society members believed that alcohol was fatal to the
health, happiness and prosperity of their family.
They were encouraged to sign a pledge abstaining
from the use of ardent spirits, except for medicinal purposes. To counteract
the evils of drink, the Societies tried to offer alternatives to occupy the
leisure time of the working class. These generally included lectures, evening
concerts and social events. A musician was hired to train a choir, and musical
evenings were frequently held. Lectures were regularly delivered.
When my great great grandfather, Robert Marshall, began his
Abstinence Tour, he was a young teacher of just 19 years of age and living in
Alyth, Perthshire, Scotland.
He was to
travel to many places in the North of Scotland recording the places visited, with
the number of members of tee-total societies and the number of public houses.
He would billet with members of the local
society, give lectures, sing temperance songs that he had written and hopefully
get new members to sign the pledge.
He
began his journey in September of 1839 and upon completion of his tour, had
travelled 474 ¾ miles.
One of the
families that he stayed with, in October 1839, was the family of a John Kynoch.
The entries about his stay with the Kynoch’s
peaked my interest, as in 1841, Robert and John Kynoch’s daughter, Anne was
married.
Robert says of this family: “
this is a family which exactly suits me,
they are every way to my taste.”
His
departure from Elgin, in Morayshire affected him greatly.
He writes:
“
Mr. Kynoch and family seem to
have been enchanted with me - they would on no consideration allow me to go
till I promised to come back that way - my staff had gone missing - it could
not be found - 'Give him the umbrella and it will make him come back', says
the wife - I would not promise for I could not positively say whether I should
have it in my power to come back that way.”
Needless to say, Robert did return, perhaps obliged to return the
umbrella (or was it maybe to see Anne again?)
My cousin, Morris (and I) like to think that if it weren’t for that
umbrella, we might not be here today!
(The above information on the Temperance Movement was compiled from articles from "
The Resources for Learning in Scotland" and through
Wikipedia).
©2012, copyright Alana Farrell
Had a conversation with Mr. Campbel, Sectr. of the Dundee
Society. Proceeded by the Arbroath Railway to Broughty Ferry. Called on Mr. John Taylor, Sectr of the
Society. Was very kindly used both by
that gentleman, and the other members of Committee. It appears that a considerable number of
members here have failed. The cause goes
on but slowly. The chief reason seems to
be the hatred of the fishermen to the cause.
Not a solitary individual of that class is a member, neither do any of
them attend the Societies meetings.
There are l00 steady members including about 20 at Dundee. The Bell man called a meeting for me, in a
Mr. Stuart's schoolroom. About 60
attended among whom were some confirmed drunkards. I lectured about two hours and a half. No one opposed me, in the slightest
degree. A few tracts were purchased from
me by the committee. I slept with Mr.
Stuart, a Mason. Both he and his wife
were very kind to me.
